(PDF) Vertical Federated Learning: Challenges, Methodologies and.. An overall workflow for vertical FL. The classic workflow includes following seven steps: 1) private set intersection; 2) bottom model forward propagation (BM-FP); 3) forward.

(PDF) Vertical Federated Learning: Challenges, Methodologies and.
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As a new distributed learning paradigm, federated learning (FL) has recently drawn a lot of attentions by involving training statistical models over remote devices or siloed data.